Thefastevolutionandtheincreasedpervasivenessofcomputersandcom- nicationnetworkshaveledtothedevelopmentofalargevarietyofcomplex applicationsandserviceswhichhavebecomeanintegralpartofourdailylives. Modernsocietywidelyreliesoninformationtechnologies. Hence,theQuality ofService,thatis,thee?ciency,availability,reliability,andsecurityofthese technologies,isanessentialrequirementfortheproperfunctioningofmodern society. Inthisscenario,performanceevaluationplaysacentralrole. Performance evaluationhastoassessandpredicttheperformanceofhardwareandsoftware systems,andtoidentifyandpreventtheircurrentandfutureperformancebo- lenecks. Inthepastthirtyyears,manyperformanceevaluationtechniquesandtools havebeendevelopedandsuccessfullyappliedinstudiesdealingwiththec- ?gurationandcapacityplanningofexistingsystemsandwiththedesignand developmentofnewsystems. Recently,performanceevaluationtechniqueshave evolvedtocopewiththeincreasedcomplexityofthecurrentsystemsandtheir workloads. Manyoftheclassicaltechniqueshavebeenrevisitedinlightofthe recenttechnologicaladvances,andnoveltechniques,methods,andtoolshave beendeveloped. Thisbookisorganizedaroundasetofsurveypaperswhichprovideac- prehensiveoverviewofthetheories,techniques,andtoolsforperformanceand reliabilityevaluationofcurrentandnewemergingtechnologies. Thepapers,by leadinginternationalexpertsinthe?eldofperformanceevaluation,arebasedon thetutorialspresentedattheIFIPWG7. 3InternationalSymposiumonCom- terModeling,Measurement,andEvaluation(Performance2002)heldinRome onSeptember23-27,2002. Thepapersaddressthestateoftheartofthetheoreticalandmethodological advancesintheareaofperformanceandreliabilityevaluationaswellasnew perspectivesinthemajorapplicationdomains. Abroadspectrumoftopicsis coveredinthisbook. Modelingandveri?cationformalisms,solutionmethods, workloadcharacterization,andbenchmarkingareaddressedfromametho- logicalpointofview. Applicationsofperformanceandreliabilitytechniquesto variousdomains,suchas,hardwareandsoftwarearchitectures,wiredand- relessnetworks,Gridenvironments,Webservices,real-timevoiceandvideo applications,arealsoexamined. Thisbookisintendedtoserveasareferenceforstudents,scientists,and- gineersworkingintheareasofperformanceandreliabilityevaluation,hardware andsoftwaredesign,andcapacityplanning. VI Preface Finally,aseditorsofthebook,wewouldliketothankallauthorsfortheir valuablecontributionsandtheire?ortandcooperationinthepreparationof theirmanuscripts. July2002 MariaCarlaCalzarossa SalvatoreTucci TableofContents G-Networks:MultipleClassesofPositiveCustomers,Signals,and ProductFormResults ...1 ErolGelenbe SpectralExpansionSolutionsforMarkov-ModulatedQueues ...17 IsiMitrani M/G/1-TypeMarkovProcesses:ATutorial ...36 AlmaRiska,EvgeniaSmirni AnAlgorithmicApproachtoStochasticBounds ...64 J. M. Fourneau,N. Pekergin DynamicSchedulingviaPolymatroidOptimization...89 DavidD. Yao WorkloadModelingforPerformanceEvaluation...114 DrorG. Feitelson CapacityPlanningforWebServices(TechniquesandMethodology) ...142 VirgilioA. F. Almeida End-to-EndPerformanceofWebServices ...158 PaoloCremonesi,GiuseppeSerazzi Benchmarking...179 ReinholdWeicker BenchmarkingModelsandToolsforDistributedWeb-ServerSystems...208 MauroAndreolini,ValeriaCardellini,MicheleColajanni StochasticProcessAlgebra:FromanAlgebraicFormalismtoan ArchitecturalDescriptionLanguage ...236 MarcoBernardo,LorenzoDonatiello,PaoloCiancarini AutomatedPerformanceandDependabilityEvaluationUsingModel Checking ...2 61 ChristelBaier,BoudewijnHaverkort,HolgerHermanns, Joost-PieterKatoen Measurement-BasedAnalysisofSystemDependabilityUsingFault InjectionandFieldFailureData ...290 RavishankarK. Iyer,ZbigniewKalbarczyk VIII TableofContents SoftwareReliabilityandRejuvenation:ModelingandAnalysis...318 KishorS. Trivedi,KalyanaramanVaidyanathan PerformanceValidationofMobileSoftwareArchitectures ...346 VincenzoGrassi,VittorioCortellessa,Ra?aelaMirandola PerformanceIssuesofMultimediaApplications ...374 EdmundodeSouzaeSilva,RosaM. M. Le"ao,BerthierRibeiro-Neto, S'ergioCampos MarkovianModelingofRealDataTra?c:HeuristicPhaseTypeand MAPFittingofHeavyTailedandFractalLikeSamples...405 Andr'asHorv'ath,Mikl'osTelek OptimizationofBandwidthandEnergyConsumptioninWireless LocalAreaNetworks ...435 MarcoConti,EnricoGregori ServiceCentricComputing-27,2002. Thepapersaddressthestateoftheartofthetheoreticalandmethodological advancesintheareaofperformanceandreliabilityevaluationaswellasnew perspectivesinthemajorapplicationdomains. Abroadspectrumoftopicsis coveredinthisbook. Modelingandveri?cationformalisms,solutionmethods, workloadcharacterization,andbenchmarkingareaddressedfromametho- logicalpointofview. Applicationsofperformanceandreliabilitytechniquesto variousdomains,suchas,hardwareandsoftwarearchitectures,wiredand- relessnetworks,Gridenvironments,Webservices,real-timevoiceandvideo applications,arealsoexamined. Thisbookisintendedtoserveasareferenceforstudents,scientists,and- gineersworkingintheareasofperformanceandreliabilityevaluation,hardware andsoftwaredesign,andcapacityplanning. VI Preface Finally,aseditorsofthebook,wewouldliketothankallauthorsfortheir valuablecontributionsandtheire?ortandcooperationinthepreparationof theirmanuscripts. July2002 MariaCarlaCalzarossa SalvatoreTucci TableofContents G-Networks:MultipleClassesofPositiveCustomers,Signals,and ProductFormResults ...1 ErolGelenbe SpectralExpansionSolutionsforMarkov-ModulatedQueues ...17 IsiMitrani M/G/1-TypeMarkovProcesses:ATutorial ...36 AlmaRiska,EvgeniaSmirni AnAlgorithmicApproachtoStochasticBounds ...64 J. M. Fourneau,N. Pekergin DynamicSchedulingviaPolymatroidOptimization...89 DavidD. Yao WorkloadModelingforPerformanceEvaluation...114 DrorG. Feitelson CapacityPlanningforWebServices(TechniquesandMethodology) ...142 VirgilioA. F. Almeida End-to-EndPerformanceofWebServices ...1 58 PaoloCremonesi,GiuseppeSerazzi Benchmarking...179 ReinholdWeicker BenchmarkingModelsandToolsforDistributedWeb-ServerSystems...208 MauroAndreolini,ValeriaCardellini,MicheleColajanni StochasticProcessAlgebra:FromanAlgebraicFormalismtoan ArchitecturalDescriptionLanguage ...236 MarcoBernardo,LorenzoDonatiello,PaoloCiancarini AutomatedPerformanceandDependabilityEvaluationUsingModel Checking ...261 ChristelBaier,BoudewijnHaverkort,HolgerHermanns, Joost-PieterKatoen Measurement-BasedAnalysisofSystemDependabilityUsingFault InjectionandFieldFailureData ...290 RavishankarK. Iyer,ZbigniewKalbarczyk VIII TableofContents SoftwareReliabilityandRejuvenation:ModelingandAnalysis...318 KishorS. Trivedi,KalyanaramanVaidyanathan PerformanceValidationofMobileSoftwareArchitectures ...346 VincenzoGrassi,VittorioCortellessa,Ra?aelaMirandola PerformanceIssuesofMultimediaApplications ...374 EdmundodeSouzaeSilva,RosaM. M. Le"ao,BerthierRibeiro-Neto, S'ergioCampos MarkovianModelingofRealDataTra?c:HeuristicPhaseTypeand MAPFittingofHeavyTailedandFractalLikeSamples...405 Andr'asHorv'ath,Mikl'osTelek OptimizationofBandwidthandEnergyConsumptioninWireless LocalAreaNetworks ...4 35 MarcoConti,EnricoGregori ServiceCentricComputing-NextGenerationInternetComputing...463 JerryRolia,RichFriedrich,ChandrakantPatel EuropeanDataGridProject:ExperiencesofDeployingaLargeScale TestbedforE-scienceApplications ...480 FabrizioGagliardi,BobJones,MarioReale,StephenBurke AuthorIndex ...501 G-Networks: Multiple Classes of Positive Customers, Signals, and Product Form Results Erol Gelenbe SchoolofElectricalEngineeringandComputerScience UniversityofCentralFlorida Orlando,FL32816 erol@cs. ucf. edu Abstract. ThepurposeofthistutorialpresentationistointroduceG- Networks,orGelenbeNetworks,whichareproductformqueueingn- works which include normal or positive customers, as well as negative customers which destroy other customers, and triggers which displace othercustomersfromonequeuetoanother. Wederivethebalanceeq- tionsforthesemodelsinthecontextofmultiplecustomerclasses,show the product form results, and exhibit the tra?c equations which - in thiscase,contrarytoBCMPandJacksonnetworks-arenon-linear. This leadstointerestingissuesofexistenceanduniquenessofthesteady-state solution. GelenbeNetworkcanbeusedtomodellargescalecomputers- temsandnetworksinwhichsignalingfunctionsrepresentedbynegative customersandtriggersareusedtoachieve?owandcongestioncontrol. 1 Introduction In this survey and tutorial, we discuss a class of queueing networks, originally inspired by our work on neural networks, in which customers are either "signals" or positive customers.

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Praise for Harald Pasch and Wolfgang Schrepp's, MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry of Synthetic Polymers.

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"This book is well written and provides comprehensive information toward practical and established MALDITOF MS of synthetic polymer. Other newly developed areas, such as the analysis of nanoparticles, are only mentioned in passing, however. Nonetheless, the book is recommended reading for practitioners in this field."

Book Information
ISBN 9783540442523
Author Maria Carla Calzarossa
Format Paperback
Page Count 499
Imprint Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
Publisher Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG