From the Bronze Age mariners of the Mediterranean to contemporary sailors using satellite-based technologies, the history of navigation at sea, the art of finding a position and setting a course, is fascinating. The scientific and technological developments that have enabled accurate measurements of position were central to exploration, trade, and the opening up of new continents, and the resulting journeys taken under their influence have had a profound influence on world history. In this Very Short Introduction Jim Bennett looks at the history of navigation, starting with the distinctive cultures of navigation that are defined geographically - the Mediterranean Sea, and the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. He shows how the adoption of mathematical methods, the use of instruments, the writing of textbooks and the publication of charts all combined to create a more standardised practice. Methods such as longitude-finding by chronometer and lunar distance were complemented by the routine business of recording courses and reckoning position 'by account'. Bennett also introduces the incredible array of instruments relied on by sailors, from astrolabes, sextants, and chronometers, to our more modern radio receivers, electronic equipment, and charts, and highlights the crucial role played by the individual qualities of endeavour and resourcefulness from mathematicians, scientists, and seamen in finding their way at sea. The story of navigation combines the societal, the technical, and the human, and it was vital for shaping the modern world. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.

About the Author
Jim Bennett is a historian of science who has held curatorial posts in national museums in London and in university museums in Cambridge and Oxford, where he was Director of the Museum of the History of Science. He has been President of the British Society for the History of Science and of the Scientific Instrument Commission of the International Union of History and Philosophy of Science. He is currently President of the Hakluyt Society. His books include The Divided Circle: a History of Instruments for Astronomy, Navigation, and Surveying (Phaidon-Christie's, 1987), and London's Leonardo: the life and work of Robert Hooke (OUP, 2003), with Michael Cooper, Michael Hunter, and Lisa Jardine.

Reviews
This book covers all the major developments in navigation adequately, and in a manner easily accessible to the general public. It is not the result of new research or insight, and does not have that pretention. I recommend it to those with an interest in the history of navigation, and it will be an excellent starting-point for those wanting to pursue the subject further. * W.F.J. Moerzer Bruyns, The International Journal of Maritime History *
Provides a fascinating insight into how people have navigated on the sea for hundreds of years. * Adventure Travel *
This elegant and compelling narrative, spanning all periods, cultures, and geographical regions, provides a remarkably accessible introduction to the concepts and technology of navigation. * Captain M. K. Barritt Royal Navy, former Hydrographer of the Navy *
A masterly and comprehensive survey of navigational techniques across many centuries of technical skill and astute practical innovation. The book combines lucid exposition of the principal maritime methods with fascinating commentary on the historical relation between navigators' mastery of calculation, observation and improvisation. * Simon Schaffer, University of Cambridge *



Book Information
ISBN 9780198733713
Author Jim Bennett
Format Paperback
Page Count 160
Imprint Oxford University Press
Publisher Oxford University Press
Weight(grams) 138g
Dimensions(mm) 174mm * 113mm * 11mm