In Translating "Clergie", Claire Waters explores texts in French verse and prose from England and the Continent that respond to the educational imperative implicit in the Fourth Lateran Council's mandate that individuals be responsible for their own salvation. These texts return repeatedly to the moment of death and individual judgment to emphasize the importance of the process of teaching and to remind teacher and learner of their common fate.
The texts' focus on death was not solely a means of terrifying an audience but enabled lay learners to envision confrontations or conversations with dead friends, saints, or even God. Such dialogues at the point of death reinforced the importance of the dialogue between teacher and learner in life and are represented in such varied works as doctrinal handbooks, miracles of the Virgin Mary, retellings of the Harrowing of Hell, and even fabliaux-tales of wit and reversal-in which it is possible to argue one's way into Heaven. Lively stories that featured minstrels dicing with saints, friends returning from the dead, and thieves teaching the prophets offered a model for laypeople considering how to put their Christian learning into practice and perhaps to teach others.
Rather than being seen as a challenge to ecclesiastical authority, lay learning in these texts is depicted as hopeful, comic, and affectionate. By examining informal works of Christian instruction used outside institutional teaching contexts to convey the learning of the schools to the parishes, Waters shows how lay learners could assume the role of disciple or student in a way previously available only to monks or university scholars.

In Translating "Clergie," Claire M. Waters explores medieval texts in French verse and prose from England and the Continent that perform and represent the process of teaching as a shared lay and clerical endeavor.

About the Author
Claire M. Waters is Professor of English at the University of California, Davis. She is author of Angels and Earthly Creatures: Preaching, Performance, and Gender in the Later Middle Ages, also available from the University of Pennsylvania Press.

Reviews
"This is an enterprising, deftly argued, and much-needed book. Waters identifies an under-researched and significant corpus of materials and uses it in an innovative account of medieval teaching in the vernacular, demonstrating its long reach and cultural weight. Performing close readings of substantial works from England and relevant Continental texts in French and Latin, Waters offers a beautifully imaginative and stimulating account of the nature and goals of medieval doctrinal and theological teaching." * Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, Fordham University *
"Claire Waters's close studies of texts are supported by panoramic scholarship that admirably encompasses the fields of Middle English, Anglo-Norman, French, and German cultures and criticism. Translating "Clergie" is an accessible and informative book that will find appreciative readers across the domains of medieval studies." * Sarah Kay, New York University *



Book Information
ISBN 9780812247725
Author Claire M. Waters
Format Hardback
Page Count 312
Imprint University of Pennsylvania Press
Publisher University of Pennsylvania Press