Immigration is not only a modern-day debate. Major change in Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries led to a surge of political and religious refugees moving across the continent. Estimates suggest that from 1550 to 1585 around 50,000 Dutch and Walloons from the southern Netherlands settled in England, and in the late seventeenth century 50,000 Huguenots from France followed suit. The majority gravitated towards London which, already a magnet for merchants and artisans across the centuries, began a process of major transformation. New skills, capital, technical know-how and social networks came with these migrants and helped to spark London's cosmopolitan flair and diversity. But the early experience of many of these immigrants in London was one of hostility, serving to slow down the adoption and expansion of new crafts and technologies. Immigrants and the Industries of London, 1500-1700 examines the origins and the changing face and shape of many trades, crafts and skills in the capital in this transformative period. It focuses on three crafts in particular: silk weaving, beer brewing and the silver trade, crafts which had relied heavily on foreign skills in the 16th century and had become major industries in the capital by the 18th century. Each craft was established by a different group of immigrants, distinguished not only by their social backgrounds, social organisation, identity, motives, migration pattern and experience and links with their home country but also by the nature of their reception, assimilation and economic contribution. Change was a protracted process in the London of the day. Immigrants endured inferior status, discrimination and sometimes exclusion, and this affected both their ability to integrate and their willingness to share trade secrets. And resistance by the English population meant that the adoption of new skills often took a long time - in some cases more than three centuries - to complete. The book places the adoption of new crafts and technologies in London within a broader European context, and relates it to the phenomenal growth of the metropolis and technological developments within these specific trades. It throws new perspectives on the movement of skills from Europe and the transmission of know-how from the immigrant population to English artisans. The book explores how, through enterprise and persistence, the immigrants' contribution helped transform London from a peripheral and backward European city to become the workshop of the world by the nineteenth century. By way of conclusion the book brings the current immigration debate full circle to examine the lessons we can draw from this early-modern experience.

About the Author
Lien Bich Luu is Lecturer in History at the University of Hertfordshire, UK

Reviews
'Lien Luu's wonderful book introduces us to a cosmopolitan London of the 16th-18th centuries, a magnet to refugees from other parts of Europe, young, ambitious and skilled. They brought new ideas and technologies, and new trading and social networks to challenge English insularity and complacency. Lien Luu empathises with her homesick subjects, some of whom lived for years apart from their families and in the disadvantaged status of aliens. This history is also a salutary intervention in our debates now on immigration and asylum-seekers.' Professor Maxine Berg, University of Warwick '... argues persuasively that immigration helped to make Tudor-Stuart London an engine of economic growth... Luu's contentions are well grounded in archival evidence and an extensive bibliography, her prose is fluid, and she suggests useful ways to reflect generally on the relationship between immigration and the economy... Recommended.' Choice '... provides a useful synthesis of the economic contribution of the French and Dutch populations, principally during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The main strength of the book is in the detailed examination of specific trades, looking at the contribution of individual craftsmen and the establishment of these new industries, and in particular through Luu's exploration of the diffusion of this new technology to members of the native community.' Economic History Review 'It is a stimulating study, with a wealth of useful biographical information, as well as a serious contribution to economic history, with incidentally the best account of the poorly understood English sixteenth-century brewing industry in print.' The London Journal 'This is [...] a useful book about an important and relatively neglected topic.' Renaissance quarterly 'Luu's book provides a very stimulating and very important contribution to our understanding of knowledge transfer and the role of migration (not only) in early modern economies. It is



Book Information
ISBN 9780367264758
Author Lien Bich Luu
Format Paperback
Page Count 384
Imprint Routledge
Publisher Taylor & Francis Ltd
Weight(grams) 544g