Michael T. Ferejohn presents an original interpretation of key themes in Aristotle's classic works, and their roots in Socratic thought. The principal historical thesis of this work is that Aristotle's commendation of the historical Socrates for 'being the first to pursue universal definitions' is explainable in part by Aristotle's own attraction to the 'formal cause' (or definition-based) mode of explanation as providing justification for scientific knowledge. After exploring the motives behind Socrates' search for definitions of the ethical virtues, Ferejohn argues that Aristotle's commitment to the centrality of formal cause explanation in the theory of demonstration he advances in the Posterior Analytics is at odds with his independent recognition that natural phenomena are best explained by reference to efficient causes. Ferejohn then argues that this tension is ultimately resolved in Aristotle's later scientific works, when he abandons this commitment and instead evinces a marked preference for explanation of natural phenomena in terms of efficient as well as so-called final (teleological) causes. This tension between formal and efficient cause explanations is especially evident in Aristotle's discussions of events such as thunder and eclipses in Posterior Analytics B 8-10. In the later chapters of the book Ferejohn defends a novel interpretation of Aristotle's manner of treating these phenomena that depends on his fourfold classification of scientific questions and the presupposition relations he believes to hold among them. The final chapter turns to the role of definition in Aristotle's mature ontology. Ferejohn argues that in Metaphysics Z 17 he proposes a treatment of kinds of composite substances parallel to that of thunder and eclipses in the Posterior Analytics, and that this treatment is a crucial element in his sustained argument in Metaphysics Z and H that such kinds are definable unities.

About the Author
Michael Ferejohn is Professor of Philosophy and Classical Studies at Duke University. He has held visiting positions at the University of Pittsburgh and Tufts University, and a Mellon Faculty Fellowship at Havard University. He is the author of The Origins of Aristotelian Science (Yale University Press, 1991) as well as numerous journal articles on Plato and Aristotle.

Reviews
Ferejohn's newest book is a thorough and powerfully argued interpretation of Aristotle's formal cause. It is a book that deserves to be discussed and taken seriously, while also being provocative and engaging. ... For Aristotle scholars the book is a welcome addition to the literature on the formal cause. ... The book is also accessible to students and could therefore be excellent study material for a course on scientific explanation and the Posterior Analytics. * Petter Sandstad, Logical Analysis and History of Philosophy *
Ferejohn has devoted much of his career to shedding much needed light on Aristotleas epistemology and philosophy of science; Formal Causes continues the project ... Ferejohn successfully leads us to ask new questions and the interpretative strategies he works through will surely be included among the main options. * Owen Goldin, Ancient Philosophy *
Every reader of Formal Causes will reap rich rewards from grappling with this deeply informed and carefully argued work * James G. Lennox, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews *



Book Information
ISBN 9780199695300
Author Michael T. Ferejohn
Format Hardback
Page Count 224
Imprint Oxford University Press
Publisher Oxford University Press
Weight(grams) 402g
Dimensions(mm) 221mm * 145mm * 20mm