In this groundbreaking study, SherAli Tareen presents the most comprehensive and theoretically engaged work to date on what is arguably the most long-running, complex, and contentious dispute in modern Islam: the Barelvi-Deobandi polemic. The Barelvi and Deobandi groups are two normative orientations/reform movements with beginnings in colonial South Asia. Almost two hundred years separate the beginnings of this polemic from the present. Its specter, however, continues to haunt the religious sensibilities of postcolonial South Asian Muslims in profound ways, both in the region and in diaspora communities around the world.

Defending Muhammad in Modernity challenges the commonplace tendency to view such moments of intra-Muslim contest through the prism of problematic yet powerful liberal secular binaries like legal/mystical, moderate/extremist, and reformist/traditionalist. Tareen argues that the Barelvi-Deobandi polemic was instead animated by what he calls "competing political theologies" that articulated-during a moment in Indian Muslim history marked by the loss and crisis of political sovereignty-contrasting visions of the normative relationship between divine sovereignty, prophetic charisma, and the practice of everyday life. Based on the close reading of previously unexplored print and manuscript sources in Arabic, Persian, and Urdu spanning the late eighteenth and the entirety of the nineteenth century, this book intervenes in and integrates the often-disparate fields of religious studies, Islamic studies, South Asian studies, critical secularism studies, and political theology.

About the Author

SherAli Tareen is associate professor of religious studies at Franklin and Marshall College. He is co-editor of Imagining the Public in Modern South Asia.
Margrit Pernau is a senior researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development and author of Ashraf Into Middle Classes: Muslims in Nineteenth-Century Delhi.

Reviews

"This book is beautifully written in a language accessible for students and colleagues who have not previously engaged with this topic. If you can only read three books on Islam in South Asia, Defending Muhammad in Modernity needs to be one of them." -Margrit Pernau, Max Planck Institute for Human Development

"No book offers a richer, more illuminating guide to the origins and complex theological relationship of the Barelvi and the Deobandi orientations, which have dominated Sunni Islam in modern South Asia, than Defending Muhammad in Modernity. SherAli Tareen's deeply researched, theoretically informed, yet remarkably accessible study will help make Islam in modern South Asia part of wider and much needed conversations among scholars of religion." -Muhammad Qasim Zaman, Princeton University, author of Islam in Pakistan: A History

"Defending Muhammad in Modernity offers a major contribution to the literature on the history of Muslims (and Islam) in South Asia. SherAli Tareen's detailed exploration of the form and logic of the polemical engagements that marked the development of competing Deobandi and Barelvi visions in the nineteenth century is exceptional and provides a critical backdrop for understanding the divisions that continue to shape the dynamics of South Asian Muslim thinking today. The book is also noteworthy for its deep engagement with Urdu, Persian, and Arabic sources." -David Gilmartin, North Carolina State University, author of Empire and Islam: Punjab and the Making of Pakistan

"This book lands like an obelisk at the intersection of several fields. It joins the philological rigor of classical Islamic studies with the theoretical framing of religious studies and the contextual nous of South Asian studies. It will likely be a new point of departure for conversations around Islam in early modern and modern South Asia." -Jonathan Brown, Georgetown University, author of Misquoting Muhammad: The Challenges and Choices of Interpreting the Prophet's Legacy

"A masterful study of the polemics over Muhammad's status that have been occurring for more than a century in India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh... it shows us that this polemical tradition is founded in a genuine argument, whose philosophical and juridical implications are meaningful even for those outside its purview." -Faisal Devji, University of Oxford, author of Muslim Zion: Pakistan as a Political Idea

"Defending Muhammad in Modernity is dense, meticulously researched, and elegantly written and will set the standard for the study of the two most influential Sunni Muslim movements in the region today." -The Journal of Asian Studies

"The book is a tremendous contribution to the fields of South Asia and Islamic studies, while its theorizing on the twin forces of religion and secularism also adds greatly to conversations in the study of religion and politics." -New Books Network

"There is little denying the fact that through [Tareen's] account, one learns a huge amount, about theology, method, Islam, and much more. The thoroughness to detail and depth in his commentary and analysis and in the very wide reading that he has undertaken and conveyed to a reader is most welcome and useful and highly recommended. This is a superb book." -H-Asia, H-Net Reviews

"Tareen's Defending Muhammad in Modernity is a thoroughly researched, well-written, monumental contribution to the scholarly literature on religious construction during colonialism in South Asia." -American Journal of Islam and Society

"Defending Muhammad in Modernity is a groundbreaking study of the conceptual problem space of 'the Deobandi-Barelvi polemic,' a defining intra-Muslim dispute in modern South Asian Islam. . . . [T]his book is indispensable for scholars who want to engage seriously with the intellectual foundations of Muslim sectarianism in South Asia." -Reading Religion

"SherAli Tareen questions the very validity of the transformation-versus-continuity issue altogether in his learned book on the debates between two prominent orientations within Islam: the Barelvi and Deobandi schools." -Journal of the American Academy of Religion

"SherAli Tareen's Defending Muhammad in Modernity presents a rich and textured analysis of the Barelvi-Deobandi polemical battle in colonial South Asia.... [T]his is an important book that provides an original engagement with key theological aspects of modern Islamic thought." -Journal of Urdu Studies

Providing rich sources and a strong conceptual base, Defending Muhammad in Modernity is a must-read for researchers working on South Asian Islam, political theology and those interested in the Barelvi-Deobandi controversy. -Contemporary South Asia

"Tareen approaches his sources with rich theoretical tools, crafted by anthropologists, philosophers, and South Asianists, among others." -Bloomsbury Pakistan

"A must-read text for both scholars and students concerned with South Asian Islam and reformation around the imagination of the Prophet Muhammad in the modern era." -Religion

"A groundbreaking work that greatly contributes to the study of modern South Asian Sunni Islam and the competing orientations among ulama in their intellectual traditions. It is a must-read text for both scholars and students concerned with South Asian Islam and reformation around the imagination of the Prophet Muhammad in the modern era."-Reading Religion

Awards
Winner of American Institute of Pakistan Studies Book Prize 2020 (United States). Runner-up for American Academy of Religion Award for Excellence, Analytical-Descriptive Studies, Finalist 2021 (United States).



Book Information
ISBN 9780268106706
Author SherAli Tareen
Format Paperback
Page Count 506
Imprint University of Notre Dame Press
Publisher University of Notre Dame Press
Weight(grams) 624g
Dimensions(mm) 229mm * 152mm * 26mm