In Biblical Women and Jewish Daily Life in the Middle Ages, Elisheva Baumgarten seeks a point of entry into the everyday existence of people who did not belong to the learned elite, and who therefore left no written records of their lives. She does so by turning to the Bible as it was read, reinterpreted, and seen by the Jews of medieval Ashkenaz. In the tellings, retellings, and illustrations of biblical stories, and especially of those centered around women, Baumgarten writes, we can find explanations and validations for the practices that structured birth, marriage, and death; women's inclusion in the liturgy and synagogue; and the roles of women as community leaders, givers of charity, and keepers of the household.
Each of the book's chapters concentrates on a single figure or a cluster of biblical women-Eve, the Matriarchs, Deborah, Yael, Abigail, and Jephthah's daughter-to explore aspects of the domestic and communal lives of Northern French and German Jews living among Christians in urban settings. Throughout the book more than forty vivid medieval illuminations, most reproduced in color, help convey to modern readers what medieval people could have known visually about these biblical stories. "I do not claim that the genres I analyze here-literature, art, exegesis-mirror social practice," Baumgarten writes. "Rather, my goal is to examine how medieval Jewish engagement with the Bible offers a window onto aspects of the daily lives and cultural mentalites of Ashkenazic Jews in the High Middle Ages."
In a final chapter, Baumgarten turns to the historical figure of Dulcia, a late twelfth-century woman, to ponder how our understanding of those people about whom we know relatively more can be enriched by considering the lives of those who have remained anonymous. The biblical stories through which Baumgarten reads contributed to shaping a world that is largely lost to us, and can help us, in turn, to gain access to lives of people of the past who left no written accounts of their beliefs and practices.

In Biblical Women and Jewish Daily Life in the Middle Ages, Elisheva Baumgarten examines how medieval Jewish engagement with the Bible-especially in the tellings, retellings, and illustrations of stories of women-offers a window onto aspects of the daily lives and cultural mentalites of Ashkenazic Jews in the High Middle Ages.

About the Author
Elisheva Baumgarten holds the Professor Yitzchak Becker Chair for Jewish Studies, Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is author of Practicing Piety in Medieval Ashkenaz: Men, Women, and Everyday Religious Observance and editor, with Ruth Mazo Karras and Katelyn Messer, of Entangled Histories: Knowledge, Authority, and Jewish Culture in the Thirteenth Century, both published by the University of Pennsylvania Press.

Reviews
"Ingenious scholarship...Much of Biblical Women will likely resonate with modern readers, including for the ways it illuminates some of our own concerns...Baumgarten's clear-eyed and painstaking attention to her subjects is an act of true kindness for these long-vanished people. Her book [helps readers] care about them, their lives, and their moral imaginations purely for their own sakes, as all good social history should." * Jewish Review of Books *
"Baumgarten not only provides an impressive number of sources on how narratives surrounding biblical women shaped the daily life and routines of medieval women but also manages to show the reader how the meaning of concepts is closely interwoven with the cultural context. The wide range of diverse sources from inscriptions to personal writings and illuminations also means that Baumgarten's interpretation and analysis can only scratch the surface of this material." * PaRDes *


Awards
Winner of Winner of the National Jewish Book Award in the Women's Studies category, granted by the Jewish Book Council 2023 (United States).



Book Information
ISBN 9780812253580
Author Elisheva Baumgarten
Format Hardback
Page Count 288
Imprint University of Pennsylvania Press
Publisher University of Pennsylvania Press