How increased access to ice-decades before refrigeration-transformed American life.

During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Americans depended upon ice to stay cool and to keep their perishable foods fresh. Jonathan Rees tells the fascinating story of how people got ice before mechanical refrigeration came to the household. Drawing on newspapers, trade journals, and household advice books, Before the Refrigerator explains how Americans built a complex system to harvest, store, and transport ice to everyone who wanted it, even the very poor.

Rees traces the evolution of the natural ice industry from its mechanization in the 1880s through its gradual collapse, which started after World War I. Meatpackers began experimenting with ice refrigeration to ship their products as early as the 1860s. Starting around 1890, large, bulky ice machines the size of small houses appeared on the scene, becoming an important source for the American ice supply. As ice machines shrunk, more people had access to better ice for a wide variety of purposes. By the early twentieth century, Rees writes, ice had become an essential tool for preserving perishable foods of all kinds, transforming what most people ate and drank every day.

Reviewing all the inventions that made the ice industry possible and the way they worked together to prevent ice from melting, Rees demonstrates how technological systems can operate without a central controlling force. Before the Refrigerator is ideal for history of technology classes, food studies classes, or anyone interested in what daily life in the United States was like between 1880 and 1930.

How increased access to ice-decades before refrigeration-transformed American life.

About the Author

Jonathan Rees is a professor of history at Colorado State University-Pueblo. He is the author of Refrigeration Nation: A History of Ice, Appliances, and Enterprise in America and Refrigerator.

Reviews
In Before the Refrigerator: How We Used to Get Ice, Jonathan Rees provides a rich and detailed history of how ice became an American staple . . . Rees does a masterful job illustrating how, in its rise and fall, the ice industry created many industry alliances and consumer habits that are still with us today. Ice has become a taken-for-granted feature of modern living. This book is the story of how that came to be.
-Xaq Frohlich, Auburn University, Journal of Southern History
[Before the Refrigerator] is an in-depth portrayal of a once-indispensable, life-changing technology, the former existence of which is as unknown to most of us as that of the telegraph or canal is to today's undergraduates . . . Rees synthesizes considerable archival research and presents interpretations of importance to scholars . . . Before the Refrigerator is as refreshing as ice water on a hot summer day.
-Jeffrey L. Meikle, University of Texas at Austin, Journal of American History



Book Information
ISBN 9781421424590
Author Jonathan Rees
Format Paperback
Page Count 136
Imprint Johns Hopkins University Press
Publisher Johns Hopkins University Press
Weight(grams) 204g
Dimensions(mm) 229mm * 152mm * 9mm