Commentators frequently call the United States an empire: occasionally a benign empire, sometimes an empire in denial, and often a destructive empire. Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman asserts instead that, because of its unusual federal structure, America has performed the role of umpire since 1776, compelling adherence to rules that gradually earned collective approval.

This provocative reinterpretation traces America's role in the world from the days of George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Franklin D. Roosevelt to the present. Cobbs Hoffman argues that the United States has been the pivot of a transformation that began outside its borders and before its founding, in which nation-states replaced the empires that had dominated history. The "Western" values that America is often accused of imposing were, in fact, the result of this global shift. American Umpire explores the rise of three values-access to opportunity, arbitration of disputes, and transparency in government and business-and finds that the United States is distinctive not in its embrace of these practices but in its willingness to persuade and even coerce others to comply. But America's leadership is problematic as well as potent. The nation has both upheld and violated the rules. Taking sides in explosive disputes imposes significant financial and psychic costs. By definition, umpires cannot win.

American Umpire offers a powerful new framework for reassessing the country's role over the past 250 years. Amid urgent questions about future choices, this book asks who, if not the United States, might enforce these new rules of world order?

About the Author
Elizabeth Cobbs (Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman) holds the Melbern Glasscock Chair in American History at Texas A&M University. A prizewinning historian, novelist, and documentary filmmaker, she is the author of The Hello Girls: America's First Women Soldiers, American Umpire, The Hamilton Affair (a New York Times bestseller), and The Tubman Command.

Reviews
[A] wholly engaging analysis of U.S. history... One of the book's underlying themes is a convincing critique of the depiction of the U.S. as an empire. In doing this, Cobbs Hoffman lends the long lens of history to contemporary debates on U.S. foreign policymaking... A key strength of this book is that it successfully embeds the founding and unfolding history of the U.S. into these broader global trends. In doing so, American Umpire engages in debates in the fields of global and international histories on the place of the U.S. in world affairs. -- J. Simon Rofe * Times Higher Education *
A useful, cogent examination of why, despite some folly and ill judgment, America continues to be the one country the world looks to when in crisis or need of support. * Kirkus Reviews *
In this bold revision of the history of American foreign policy, Stanford historian Cobbs Hoffman upends the notion that the U.S. was ever an empire, arguing instead that democratic capitalism, in which the people are sovereign and individuals own and generate wealth, essentially sells (and is selling) itself. * Publishers Weekly *
American Umpire is the most persuasive and sensible one-volume interpretation of the whole history of American foreign policy to appear in at least a generation. -- Philip Zelikow, University of Virginia
American Umpire is startlingly original, a fascinating interpretation of the history of the United States in the world. -- Erez Manela, coeditor of The Shock of the Global: The 1970s in Perspective
Are we really exceptional? Have we really improved the world through our foreign activities? Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman offers a resounding yes to both questions. With insight and wit, she explains how Americans have helped to build more open, accountable, and peaceful societies across the globe. -- Jeremi Suri, author of Liberty's Surest Guardian: American Nation-Building from the Founders to Obama
Few ideas about world politics seem more popular than the notion that the United States, still the world's great superpower, has formed its own form of empire. This is the notion that Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman challenges in this fast-paced, always provocative, and certainly controversial interpretation of America's global role. -- Jack N. Rakove, author of Revolutionaries: A New History of the Invention of America


Awards
Nominated for Ellis W. Hawley Prize 2014 and Robert H. Ferrell Book Prize 2014 and Myrna F. Bernath Book Award 2014 and Douglas Dillon Award 2013 and Jerry Bentley Book Prize 2014 and Bancroft Prize 2014 and New-York Historical Society American History Book Prize 2013 and Mark Lynton History Prize 2014 and Francis Parkman Prize 2014 and Robert Jervis and Paul Schroeder Best Book Award 2014 and Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award 2014 and J. David Greenstone Book Prize 2014 and Lepgold Book Prize 2013.



Book Information
ISBN 9780674055476
Author Elizabeth Cobbs Hoffman
Format Hardback
Page Count 448
Imprint Harvard University Press
Publisher Harvard University Press